Converting ESL Learners’ Passive Vocabulary into Active in Speaking

The attached file should be of the proposed research project (between 800 and 1,000 words) outlining the research questions (what), rationale (why) and methodology (how)

Working Title:

From Receptive to Productive: Converting ESL Learners’ Passive Vocabulary into Active in Speaking

Research questions (what)
Here you need to formulate your research question(s) clearly. Explain what problems or issues you wish to explore and why you wish to explore them.



rationale (why) This section need to explain the background and issues of your proposed research – identify the discipline, summarize what you know of the existing literature and demonstrate how your background gives you competence to work on this subject.

Learning a second language can be challenging for most L2 learners but speaking fluently is still by far the most difficult skill to master. Being able to speak fluently means sucess in an academic, professional or even personal level for most learners. It is easier to be good in receptive skills such as reading or listening but it is more complicated to improve the language in the prouctive skills that is writing and speaking. It is important to note the role of vocabulary size that can make in the produced language. A lot of research has been done on the effect of vocabulary use in writing and the other receptive skills but only a few that has been linked with speaking. Since according to Laufer and Goldstein (2004) that the most difficult skill to aquire is the active call of vocabulary and since the vocabulary size of passive vocabulary is usually bigger than active vocabulary. L2 learners need to make use of their receptive vocabulary in speaking because a lot of learners find it frustrating, especially the advanced one, that they can understand mostly everything but they cannot recall they vocabulary they know quickly which makes them use simpler words to express themselves.

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methodology (how)

• You should clarify the theoretical resources you will be drawing on and why. • You should demonstrate your knowledge of the research problems and issues related to your research questions and their relevance and usefulness to your particular project. Explain the contribution made by existing scholars who have laid the groundwork for your research and explain what further issues are left to be developed by your research.

• This section is very important because it informs the research admissions committee how you plan to tackle your research problem. It is your work plan: how you intend to go about your research. It demonstrates that you have an awareness of the methodological tools available in your subject and that you have some understanding of which would be suitable for your research. • You need to specify the approach you feel will be most appropriate: You could demonstrate knowledge of alternative research methods and make a case for which method you would like to use. You could discuss the collection of data: how you would collect it and how you would analyse it. You could use empirical surveys, interdisciplinary work, comparative analysis, etc. You could discuss practical issues: do you intend to undertake fieldwork, where and for how long. You should discuss how you would need access to organisations, documents, libraries, archives, labs. Do you need to consider ethical issues?

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